The role of economics in modern United States historyUSII.1.0

  • 1

    Describe how resources for the production of goods are limited, therefore people must make choices to gain some things and give up others.USII.1.1

  • 2

    Explain that the goals of economic policy may be to promote freedom, efficiency, equity, security, growth, price stability, and full employment and that different economic systems place greater emphasis on some goals over othersUSII.1.2

  • 3

    Define supply and demand and explain the role that supply and demand, prices, and profits play in determining production and distribution in a market economyUSII.1.3

  • 4

    Explain what a financial investment is (e.g., a bank deposit, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, real estate); explain why the value of investments fluctuate, and track the gains or losses in value of a financial investment over time (e.g., stocks, bonds, or mutual funds)USII.1.4

  • 5

    Explain how buyers and sellers in financial markets determine the prices of financial assets and therefore influence the rate of return on those assets. USII.1.5

  • 6

    Explain the role of banks and other financial institutions in the market economy of the United States, and analyze the reasons for banking crises.USII.1.6

  • 7

    Describe the organization and functions of the Federal Reserve System; explain the reason the government established it in 1913 and analyze how it uses monetary tools to promote price stability, full employment, and economic growth. USII.1.7

  • 8

    Explain how a country’s overall level of income, employment, and prices are determined by the individual spending and production decisions of households and firms, and that government measures such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) describe these factors at the national level.USII.1.8

  • 9

    Analyze the impact of events such as wars and technological developments on business cycles. USII.1.9

  • 10

    Explain and give examples of the roles that government may play in a market economy, including the provision of public goods and services, redistribution of income, protection of property rights, and resolution of market failures.USII.1.10

  • 11

    Analyze how the government uses taxing and spending decisions (fiscal policy) and monetary policy to promote price stability, full employment, and economic growth. USII.1.11

Modernity in the United States: ideologies and economiesUSII.2.0

  • 1

    Develop an argument about how the conflict between traditionalism and modernity manifested itself in the major societal trends and events in first two decades of the 20th century. USII.2.1

  • 2

    Describe the multiple causes (e.g., fall in stock market and commodities prices, restrictive monetary and trade policies, post-war reparations and debt) and consequences of the global depression of the 1930sUSII.2.2

  • 3

    Gather, evaluate, and analyze primary sources (e.g., economic data, articles, diaries, photographs, audio and video recordings, songs, movies, and literary works) to create an oral, media, or written report on how Americans responded to the Great Depression.USII.2.3

  • 4

    Analyze the important policies, institutions, trends, and personalities of the Depression eraUSII.2.4

  • 5

    Evaluate the effectiveness of the New Deal programs enacted during the 1930s and the societal responses to those programs.USII.2.5

Defending democracy: responses to fascism and communismUSII.3.0

  • 1

    Develop an argument which analyzes the effectiveness of American isolationism and analyzes the impact of isolationism on U.S. foreign policyUSII.3.1

  • 2

    Explain the rise of fascism and the forms it took in Germany and Italy, including ideas and policies that led to the Holocaust.USII.3.2

  • 3

    Explain the reasons for American involvement in World War II and the key actions and events leading up to declarations of war against Japan and GermanyUSII.3.3

  • 4

    On a map of the world, locate the Allied powers at the time of World War II (Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States) and Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan). USII.3.4

  • 5

    Analyze one of the events that led to World War II, one of the major battles of the war and its consequences, or one of the conferences of Allied leaders following the warUSII.3.5

  • 6

    Describe the Allied response to the persecution of the Jews by the Nazis before, during, and after the war.USII.3.6

  • 7

    Explain the reasons the United States gave for the use of atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan; and use primary and secondary sources to analyze how arguments for and against the use of nuclear weapons developed from the late 1940s to the early 1960s.USII.3.7

  • 8

    Explain the long-term consequences of important domestic events during the war. USII.3.8

  • 9

    Analyze the factors that contributed to the Cold War and describe the policy of containment as a response by the United States to Soviet expansionist policiesUSII.3.9

  • 10

    Explain what communism is as an economic system and analyze the sources of Cold War conflict; on a political map of the world, locate the areas of Cold War conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in the 1950s to the 1980s.USII.3.10

  • 11

    Analyze Dwight D. Eisenhower’s response to the Soviet Union’s launching of Sputnik (1957) and the nation’s increased commitment to space exploration and education in science.USII.3.11

  • 12

    Summarize the diplomatic and military policies on the War in Vietnam of Presidents Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, and Richard Nixon and explain the intended and unintended consequences of the Vietnam War the Vietnamese and Americans.USII.3.12

Defending democracy: the Cold War and civil rights at homeUSII.4.0

  • 1

    Research and analyze one the domestic policies of Presidents Truman and EisenhowerUSII.4.1

  • 2

    Analyze the roots of domestic communism and anti-communism in the 1950sUSII.4.2

  • 3

    Analyze the causes and consequences of important domestic Cold War trends in the United StatesUSII.4.3

  • 4

    Analyze the origins, evolution, and goals of the African American Civil Rights MovementUSII.4.4

  • 5

    Analyze resistance to integration in some white communities, protests to end segregation, and Supreme Court decisions on civil rights.USII.4.5

  • 6

    Evaluate accomplishments of the Civil Rights movement and how they served as a model for later feminist, disability, and gender rights movements of the 20th and 21st centuriesUSII.4.6

  • 7

    Research Massachusetts leaders for civil rights and the controversies over the racial desegregation of public schools in the 1960s and 1970sUSII.4.7

  • 8

    Analyze the causes and course of one of the following social and political movements (Women's, LGBTQ, disabled, environment, workers, Native Americans).USII.4.8

  • 9

    Research and analyze issues related to race relations in the United States since the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965USII.4.9

United States and globalizationUSII.5.0

  • 1

    Analyze the important policies and events that took place during the presidencies of John F. Kennedy , Lyndon Johnson, and Richard Nixon USII.5.1

  • 2

    Analyze and evaluate the impact of economic liberalism on mid-20th century societyUSII.5.2

  • 3

    Analyze the presidency of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) and the rise of the conservative movement in American politicsUSII.5.3

  • 4

    Analyze how the failure of communist economic policies and U.S.-sponsored resistance to Soviet military and diplomatic initiatives contributed to the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the end of the Cold War.USII.5.4

  • 5

    Analyze some of the major technological and social trends and issues of the late 20th and early 21st centuriesUSII.5.5

  • 6

    Evaluate the effectiveness of the federal government’s response to international terrorism in the 21st centuryUSII.5.6

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 11
Where can I read the official document?
United States History II Content Standards