Analyze ancient civilizations and empires in terms of their development, growth and lasting impact.WH.H.2

  • WH.H.2.1

    Compare how different geographic issues of the ancient period influenced settlement, trading networks and the sustainability of various ancient civilizations WH.H.2.1

  • WH.H.2.2

    Analyze the governments of ancient civilizations in terms of their development, structure and function within various societiesWH.H.2.2

  • WH.H.2.3

    Explain how codifying laws met the needs of ancient societies WH.H.2.3

  • WH.H.2.4

    Analyze the rise and spread of various empires in terms of influence, achievements and lasting impactWH.H.2.4

  • WH.H.2.5

    Analyze the development and growth of major Eastern and Western religionsWH.H.2.5

  • WH.H.2.6

    Analyze the interaction between the Islamic world and Europe and Asia in terms of increased trade, enhanced technology innovation, and an impact on scientific thought and the arts. WH.H.2.6

  • WH.H.2.7

    Analyze the relationship between trade routes and the development and decline of major empiresWH.H.2.7

  • WH.H.2.8

    Compare the conditions, racial composition, and status of social classes, castes, and slaves in ancient societies and analyze changes in those elements.WH.H.2.8

  • WH.H.2.9

    Evaluate the achievements of ancient civilizations in terms of their enduring cultural impact. WH.H.2.9

Understand how conflict and innovation influenced political, religious, economic and social changes in medieval civilizations. WH.H.3

  • WH.H.3.1 

    Explain how religion influenced political power and cultural unity in various regions of Europe, Asia and AfricaWH.H.3.1 

  • WH.H.3.2 

    Explain how religious and secular struggles for authority impacted the structure of government and society in Europe, Asia, and AfricaWH.H.3.2 

  • WH.H.3.3 

    Analyze how innovations in agriculture, trade and business impacted the economic and social development of various medieval societiesWH.H.3.3 

  • WH.H.3.4 

    Analyze how the desire for farmable land created conflict and impacted the physical environments of Europe, Asia, Africa and the AmericasWH.H.3.4 

Analyze the political, economic, social and cultural factors that lead to the development of the first age of global interaction. WH.H.4

  • WH.H.4.1 

    Explain how interest in classical learning and religious reform contributed to increased global interactionWH.H.4.1 

  • WH.H.4.2 

    Explain the political, social and economic reasons for the rise of powerful centralized nation-states and empires WH.H.4.2 

  • WH.H.4.3 

    Explain how agricultural and technological improvements transformed daily life socially and economically WH.H.4.3 

  • WH.H.4.4 

    Analyze the effects of increased global trade on the interactions between nations in Europe, Southwest Asia, the Americas and AfricaWH.H.4.4 

Analyze exploration and expansion in terms of its motivations and impact. WH.H.5

  • WH.H.5.1

    Explain how and why the motivations for exploration and conquest resulted in increased global interactions, differing patterns of trade, colonization, and conflict among nationsWH.H.5.1

  • WH.H.5.2

    Explain the causes and effects of exploration and expansion WH.H.5.2

  • WH.H.5.3

    Analyze colonization in terms of the desire for access to resources and markets as well as the consequences on indigenous cultures, population, and environmentWH.H.5.3

  • WH.H.5.4

    Analyze the role of investment in global exploration in terms of its implications for international tradeWH.H.5.4

Understand the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions.WH.H.6

  • WH.H.6.1

    Explain how new ideas and theories of the universe altered political thought and affected economic and social conditions WH.H.6.1

  • WH.H.6.2

    Analyze political revolutions in terms of their causes and impact on independence, governing bodies and church-state relations.WH.H.6.2

  • WH.H.6.3

    Explain how physical geography and natural resources influenced industrialism and changes in the environmentWH.H.6.3

  • WH.H.6.4

    Analyze the effects of industrialism and urbanization on social and economic reform WH.H.6.4

Understand how national, regional, and ethnic interests have contributed to conflict among groups and nations in the modern era.WH.H.7

  • WH.H.7.1 

    Evaluate key turning points of the modern era in terms of their lasting impact WH.H.7.1 

  • WH.H.7.2

    Analyze the increase in economic and military competition among nations in terms of the influences of nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and industrializationWH.H.7.2

  • WH.H.7.3 

    Analyze economic and political rivalries, ethnic and regional conflicts, and nationalism and imperialism as underlying causes of warWH.H.7.3 

  • WH.H.7.4 

    Explain how social and economic conditions of colonial rule contributed to the rise of nationalistic movements WH.H.7.4 

  • WH.H.7.5 

    Analyze the emergence of capitalism as a dominant economic pattern and the responses to it from various nations and groupsWH.H.7.5 

  • WH.H.7.6 

    Explain how economic crisis contributed to the growth of various political and economic movements WH.H.7.6 

Analyze global interdependence and shifts in power in terms of political, economic, social and environmental changes and conflicts since the last half of the twentieth century. WH.H.8

  • WH.H.8.1 

    Evaluate global wars in terms of how they challenged political and economic power structures and gave rise to new balances of powerWH.H.8.1 

  • WH.H.8.2

    Explain how international crisis has impacted international politicsWH.H.8.2

  • WH.H.8.3 

    Analyze the “new” balance of power and the search for peace and stability in terms of how each has influenced global interactions since the last half of the twentieth century WH.H.8.3 

  • WH.H.8.4

    Analyze scientific, technological and medical innovations of postwar decades in terms of their impact on systems of production, global trade and standards of livingWH.H.8.4

  • WH.H.8.5

    Explain how population growth, urbanization, industrialization, warfare and the global market economy have contributed to changes in the environmentWH.H.8.5

  • WH.H.8.6

    Explain how liberal democracy, private enterprise and human rights movements have reshaped political, economic and social life in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Europe, the Soviet Union and the United StatesWH.H.8.6

  • WH.H.8.7

    Explain why terrorist groups and movements have proliferated and the extent of their impact on politics and society in various countriesWH.H.8.7

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9, Grade 11, Grade 10, and Grade 12
Where can I read the official document?
North Carolina Essential Standards