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South Dakota English Language Arts Standards Adopted April 14, 2025

K–12 Standards

Social Studies, Science and Technical Subjects

Reading LiteratureRL

1
Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key ideas and details in a text.2.RL.1
2
Retell stories, those from various cultures and genres, and determine their central message/theme, lesson, or moral.2.RL.2
3
Analyze how characters in a story respond to major events and challenges.2.RL.3
4
Identify and explain how words and phrases create meaning or tone in stories, poems, songs or other texts that have literal and non-literal meanings including but not limited to emotions.2.RL.4
5
Evaluate the structure of texts, including sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text and how they connect to the overall meaning.2.RL.5
6
Describe how the point of view from various characters and/or purpose shapes the content of a text.2.RL.6
7
Use background knowledge, illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot.2.RL.7
8
Not applicable to literature2.RL.8
9
Compare and contrast two or more versions of the same topic by different authors.2.RL.9
10
By the end of the year, read and comprehend a variety of literary texts.2.RL.10
1. a
  Read and comprehend grade-appropriate texts with increasing challenge in text difficulty and complexity (e.g., layout, text structure, language/literary features, knowledge demands).2.RL.10.a
2. b
  Self-select text for personal enjoyment, interest, and academic tasks prompting and support.2.RL.10.b

Reading Informational TextRI

1
Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key ideas and details in a text.2.RI.1
2
Identify the main topic of a multi-paragraph text and use key details from the paragraphs to support the main topic.2.RI.2
3
Explain the relationships between historical events, scientific ideas, or technical procedures in a text.2.RI.3
4
Determine the meaning of words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 2 topic or subject area.2.RI.4
5
Use various text features to locate key facts or information in a text.2.RI.5
6
Identify the main purpose of a text, including what the author wants to answer, explain, or describe.2.RI.6
7
Use and explain how specific images (e.g., photographs, charts, diagrams) contribute to and clarify a text.2.RI.7
8
Describe how details/evidence support specific points the author makes in a text.2.RI.8
9
Compare and contrast the main ideas presented by two texts on the same topic.2.RI.9
10
By the end of the year, read and comprehend a variety of informational text.2.RI.10
1. a
  Read and comprehend grade-appropriate text with increasing challenge in text difficulty and complexity (e.g., layout, text structure, language features, and knowledge demands).2.RI.10.a
2. b
  Self-select text for personal enjoyment, interest, and academic tasks with guidance and support.2.RI.10.b

Reading Foundational SkillsRF

1
There is not a grade 2 standard for this concept. Please see preceding grades for more information.2.RF.1
2
Demonstrate proficiency of spoken words, syllables, and phonemes (sounds).2.RF.2
1. a
  Blend 5-6 phonemes together to form words.2.RF.2.a
2. b
  Add initial, final, and medial phonemes in words.2.RF.2.b
3. c
  Segment 5-6 phonemes in words.2.RF.2.c
4. d
  Delete initial, final, medial phonemes in words.2.RF.2.d
5. e
  Substitute initial, final, and medial phonemes in words.2.RF.2.e
3
Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words.2.RF.3
1. a
  Decode and encode two-syllable words with both long and short vowels, following regular phonics patterns.2.RF.3.a
2. b
  Decode and encode sound-spelling correspondences for common vowel teams including diphthongs.2.RF.3.b
3. c
  Decode vowel variants.2.RF.3.c
4. d
  Decode and encode words with vowel-r patterns.2.RF.3.d
5. e
  Decode and encode words with silent letters.2.RF.3.e
6. f
  Decode and encode words with common prefixes and suffixes.2.RF.3.f
7. g
  Decode 2-syllable words that follow all syllable patterns.2.RF.3.g
8. h
  Encode 2-syllable words using open syllables, closed syllables, silent e syllables, vowel-r patterns.2.RF.3.h
9. i
  Read and spell grade-appropriate high-frequency words.2.RF.3.i
4
Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.2.RF.4
1. a
  Read grade-appropriate text with purpose and understanding.2.RF.4.a
2. b
  Read grade-appropriate text orally with accuracy, appropriate rate, and prosody (stress, phrasing, intonation, and expression) on consecutive readings.2.RF.4.b
3. c
  Self-monitor reading for correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary.2.RF.4.c

LanguageL

1
Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.2.L.1
1. a
  Use common, proper, possessive and collective nouns.2.L.1.a
2. b
  Form and use frequently occurring irregular plural nouns.2.L.1.b
3. c
  Use subject verb agreement for singular and plural nouns and pronouns.2.L.1.c
4. d
  Use reflexive pronouns (e.g., myself, ourselves).2.L.1.d
5. e
  Form and use the past tense of frequently occurring irregular verbs (e.g., sat, hid, told).2.L.1.e
6. f
  Use adjectives and adverbs and choose between them depending on what is to be modified.2.L.1.f
7. g
  Use direction, time, and movement prepositions.2.L.1.g
8. h
  Use conjunctions to produce, expand, and rearrange complete simple and compound sentences.2.L.1.h
9. i
  Correctly use frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two).2.L.1.i
2
Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.2.L.2
1. a
  Print letters correctly and fluently. Space words and sentences properly so that writing can be read easily by others.2.L.2.a
2. b
  Capitalize proper nouns.2.L.2.b
3. c
  Use commas in greetings and closings of letters. Use commas to separate single words in a series. Use commas in compound sentences.2.L.2.c
4. d
  Use an apostrophe to form contractions and singular possessives.2.L.2.d
5. e
  Spell grade-appropriate high frequency words correctly in writing.2.L.2.e
6. f
  Generalize learned spelling patterns when writing words.2.L.2.f
7. g
  Consult print and digital reference materials, as needed, to check and correct spellings.2.L.2.g
3
Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.2.L.3
1. a
  Choose words and phrases for effect.2.L.3.a
2. b
  Recognize and observe differences between formal and informal English.2.L.3.b
4
Determine the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 2 reading and content using flexible strategies.2.L.4
1. a
  Use sentence-level context to determine the meaning of a word or phrase.2.L.4.a
2. b
  Determine the meaning of words when common prefixes and suffixes are added.2.L.4.b
3. c
  Use a known root word to determine the meaning of an unknown word with the same root.2.L.4.c
4. d
  Use knowledge of the meaning of individual words to predict the meaning of compound words.2.L.4.d
5. e
  Use print and digital reference materials to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases.2.L.4.e
5
Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and subtle differences in word meanings.2.L.5
1. a
  Identify real-life connections between words and their use (e.g., describe foods that are spicy or juicy).2.L.5.a
2. b
  Sort and categorize words by multiple attributes (e.g., synonyms, antonyms, size, color, type).2.L.5.b
6
Acquire and use domain specific vocabulary across reading, writing, speaking, and listening.2.L.6

WritingW

1
Write opinion pieces that:2.W.1
1. a
  Introduce an opinion using a topic sentence.2.W.1.a
2. b
  Supply reasons and details that support the opinion.2.W.1.b
3. c
  Use grade-level appropriate linking words to connect the opinion and reasons (e.g., so, but, because, for example).2.W.1.c
4. d
  Provide a concluding sentence or paragraph.2.W.1.d
2
Write informative/explanatory texts that:2.W.2
1. a
  Provide introduction with a topic sentence.2.W.2.a
2. b
  Use facts and details to develop points.2.W.2.b
3. c
  Use grade-level appropriate linking words and phrases to connect ideas.2.W.2.c
4. d
  Provide a concluding sentence or paragraph.2.W.2.d
3
Write narratives (e.g., story, poetry) that:2.W.3
1. a
  Recount a well-elaborated event or short sequence of events.2.W.3.a
2. b
  Include details to describe actions, thoughts, dialogue, and feelings.2.W.3.b
3. c
  Use transition words to signal event order.2.W.3.c
4. d
  Provide a sense of closure.2.W.3.d
4
Use various planning tools to provide a clear and coherent message in writing with guidance and support (e.g., brainstorming, outlining, mind map).2.W.4
5
Develop the focus of the topic of writing through revision and improve the clarity of the writing through editing with guidance and support from adults, peers, and/or digital tools.2.W.5
6
Use a variety of digital tools to produce and publish writing, both individually and collaboratively with guidance and support.2.W.6
7
Participate in collaborative research and writing projects to build knowledge.2.W.7
8
Use background knowledge and/or information gathered from digital and print sources to write about a topic in one's own words.2.W.8
9
Begins in grade 42.W.9
10
Write routinely to increase stamina in a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences with guidance and support.2.W.10

Speaking and ListeningSL

1
Participate in collaborative conversations about grade 2 topics and texts with peers and adults.2.SL.1
1. a
  Follow agreed-upon norms for discussions.2.SL.1.a
2. b
  Build on others’ talk in conversations by linking comments to the remarks of others.2.SL.1.b
3. c
  Ask for clarification and explanation to better understand topics and texts under discussion.2.SL.1.c
2
Retell and describe key ideas or details from content presented orally or through other media.2.SL.2
3
Ask and answer appropriate questions in response to a speaker in order to clarify comprehension, gather additional information, or deepen understanding of a topic or issue.2.SL.3
4
Tell a story or recount an experience with relevant facts and descriptive details, speaking audibly in coherent sentences.2.SL.4
5
Create audio recordings, visual displays, performances, or media presentations of stories or poems to express ideas, thoughts, and feelings.2.SL.5
6
Produce complete sentences when appropriate to task and situation in order to provide requested detail or clarification.2.SL.6

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?: Grade 2
Where can I read the official document?: South Dakota English Language Arts Standards Adopted April 14, 2025

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