Common Planner
K–12 Standards

Principles of Applied Engineering (2022)

Other Texas CTE: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics sets

Introduction.a

  • 1

    Career and technical education instruction provides content aligned with challenging academic standards, industry-relevant technical knowledge, and college and career readiness skills for students to further their education and succeed in current and emerging professions. a.1

  • 2

    The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Career Cluster focuses on planning, managing, and providing scientific research and professional and technical services, including laboratory and testing services, and research and development services.a.2

  • 3

    Principles of Applied Engineering provides an overview of the various fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and their interrelationships. Students develop engineering communication skills, which include computer graphics, modeling, and presentations, by using a variety of computer hardware and software applications to complete assignments and projects. Upon completing this course, students will have an understanding of the various fields of engineering and be able to make informed career decisions.a.3

  • 4

    Students are encouraged to participate in extended learning experiences such as career and technical student organizations and other leadership or extracurricular organizations.a.4

  • 5

    Statements that contain the word "including" reference content that must be mastered, while those containing the phrase "such as" are intended as possible illustrative examples.a.5

Knowledge and Skills Statementsb

  • 1

    The student demonstrates professional standards/employability skills as required by business and industry. The student is expected to: b.1

    1. A

      demonstrate knowledge of how to dress, speak, and conduct oneself in a manner appropriate for the profession;b.1.A

      1. i

        demonstrate knowledge of how to dress appropriately for the professionb.1.A.i

      2. ii

        demonstrate knowledge of how to speak politely for the professionb.1.A.ii

      3. iii

        demonstrate knowledge of how to conduct oneself in a manner appropriate for the professionb.1.A.iii

    2. B

      cooperate, contribute, and collaborate as a member of a group in an effort to achieve a positive collective outcome;b.1.B

      1. i

        cooperate as a member of a group in an effort to achieve a positive collective outcomeb.1.B.i

      2. ii

        contribute as a member of a group in an effort to achieve a positive collective outcomeb.1.B.ii

      3. iii

        collaborate as a member of a group in an effort to achieve a positive collective outcomeb.1.B.iii

    3. C

      present written and oral communication in a clear, concise, and effective manner;b.1.C

      1. i

        present written communication in a clear mannerb.1.C.i

      2. ii

        present written communication in a concise mannerb.1.C.ii

      3. iii

        present written communication in [an] effective mannerb.1.C.iii

      4. iv

        present oral communication in a clear mannerb.1.C.iv

      5. v

        present oral communication in a concise mannerb.1.C.v

      6. vi

        present oral communication in [an] effective manner b.1.C.vi

    4. D

      demonstrate time-management skills in prioritizing tasks, following schedules, and performing goal-relevant activities in a way that produces efficient results; andb.1.D

      1. i

        demonstrate time-management skills in prioritizing tasks in a way that produces efficient resultsb.1.D.i

      2. ii

        demonstrate time-management skills in following schedules in a way that produces efficient resultsb.1.D.ii

      3. iii

        demonstrate time-management skills in performing goal-relevant activities in a way that produces efficient results b.1.D.iii

    5. E

      demonstrate punctuality, dependability, reliability, and responsibility in performing assigned tasks.b.1.E

      1. i

        demonstrate punctuality in performing assigned tasksb.1.E.i

      2. ii

        demonstrate dependability in performing assigned tasksb.1.E.ii

      3. iii

        demonstrate reliability in performing assigned tasksb.1.E.iii

      4. iv

        demonstrate responsibility in performing assigned tasksb.1.E.iv

  • 2

    The student investigates the components of engineering and technology systems. The student is expected to:b.2

    1. A

      investigate and report on the history of engineering disciplines, including chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering;b.2.A

      1. i

        investigate the history of engineering disciplines, including chemical engineeringb.2.A.i

      2. ii

        investigate the history of engineering disciplines, including civil engineeringb.2.A.ii

      3. iii

        investigate the history of engineering disciplines, including electrical engineeringb.2.A.iii

      4. iv

        investigate the history of engineering disciplines, including mechanical engineeringb.2.A.iv

      5. v

        report on the history of engineering disciplines, including chemical engineeringb.2.A.v

      6. vi

        report on the history of engineering disciplines, including civil engineeringb.2.A.vi

      7. vii

        report on the history of engineering disciplines, including electrical engineeringb.2.A.vii

      8. viii

        report on the history of engineering disciplines, including mechanical engineeringb.2.A.viii

    2. B

      identify the inputs, processes, and outputs associated with technological systems;b.2.B

      1. i

        identify the inputs associated with technological systemsb.2.B.i

      2. ii

        identify the processes associated with technological systemsb.2.B.ii

      3. iii

        identify the outputs associated with technological systemsb.2.B.iii

    3. C

      describe the difference between open and closed systems;b.2.C

      1. i

        describe the difference between open and closed systemsb.2.C.i

    4. D

      describe how technological systems interact to achieve common goals;b.2.D

      1. i

        describe how technological systems interact to achieve common goalsb.2.D.i

    5. E

      compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including entry-level employment, military service, apprenticeships, community and technical colleges, and universities;b.2.E

      1. i

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including entry-level employmentb.2.E.i

      2. ii

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including military serviceb.2.E.ii

      3. iii

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including apprenticeshipsb.2.E.iii

      4. iv

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including technical collegesb.2.E.iv

      5. v

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including community collegesb.2.E.v

      6. vi

        compare engineering, science, and technology career paths, including universitiesb.2.E.vi

    6. F

      conduct and present research on emerging and innovative technology; andb.2.F

      1. i

        conduct research on emerging technologyb.2.F.i

      2. ii

        conduct research on innovative technologyb.2.F.ii

      3. iii

        present research on emerging technology b.2.F.iii

      4. iv

        present research on innovative technologyb.2.F.iv

    7. G

      demonstrate proficiency of the engineering design process.b.2.G

      1. i

        demonstrate proficiency of the engineering design processb.2.G.i

  • 3

    The student presents conclusions, research findings, and designs using a variety of media throughout the course. The student is expected to: b.3

    1. A

      use clear and concise written, verbal, and visual communication techniques;b.3.A

      1. i

        use clear written communication techniquesb.3.A.i

      2. ii

        use clear verbal communication techniquesb.3.A.ii

      3. iii

        use clear visual communication techniquesb.3.A.iii

      4. iv

        use concise written communication techniquesb.3.A.iv

      5. v

        use concise verbal communication techniquesb.3.A.v

      6. vi

        use concise visual communication techniquesb.3.A.vi

    2. B

      maintain a design and computation engineering notebook;b.3.B

      1. i

        maintain a design and computation engineering notebookb.3.B.i

    3. C

      develop and present ideas using sketching and computer-aided design and drafting (CADD);b.3.C

      1. i

        develop ideas using sketchingb.3.C.i

      2. ii

        develop ideas using computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)b.3.C.ii

      3. iii

        present ideas using sketchingb.3.C.iii

      4. iv

        present ideas using computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)b.3.C.iv

    4. D

      draw conclusions using industry-standard visualization techniques and media;b.3.D

      1. i

        draw conclusions using industry-standard visualization techniquesb.3.D.i

      2. ii

        draw conclusions using industry-standard visualization mediab.3.D.ii

    5. E

      maintain a paper or digital portfolio using the engineering documentation process; andb.3.E

      1. i

        maintain a paper or digital portfolio using the engineering documentation processb.3.E.i

    6. F

      use collaborative tools such as desktop or web-based applications to share and develop information.b.3.F

      1. i

        use collaborative tools to share informationb.3.F.i

      2. ii

        use collaborative tools to develop informationb.3.F.ii

  • 4

    The student uses appropriate tools and demonstrates safe work habits. The student is expected to:b.4

    1. A

      master relevant safety tests;b.4.A

      1. i

        master relevant safety testsb.4.A.i

    2. B

      follow lab safety guidelines as prescribed by instructor in compliance with local, state, and federal regulations;b.4.B

      1. i

        follow lab safety guidelines as prescribed by instructor in compliance with local regulationsb.4.B.i

      2. ii

        follow lab safety guidelines as prescribed by instructor in compliance with state regulationsb.4.B.ii

      3. iii

        follow lab safety guidelines as prescribed by instructor in compliance with federal regulationsb.4.B.iii

    3. C

      identify industry safety terminology related to the personal work environment such as Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and personal protective equipment (PPE);b.4.C

      1. i

        identify industry safety terminology related to the personal work environment b.4.C.i

    4. D

      recognize the classification of hazardous materials and wastes;b.4.D

      1. i

        recognize the classification of hazardous materials b.4.D.i

      2. ii

        recognize the classification of hazardous wastesb.4.D.ii

    5. E

      describe appropriate ways to dispose of hazardous materials and wastes;b.4.E

      1. i

        describe appropriate ways to dispose of hazardous materialsb.4.E.i

      2. ii

        describe appropriate ways to dispose of hazardous wastesb.4.E.ii

    6. F

      maintain, safely handle, and properly store laboratory equipment;b.4.F

      1. i

        maintain laboratory equipmentb.4.F.i

      2. ii

        safely handle laboratory equipmentb.4.F.ii

      3. iii

        properly store laboratory equipmentb.4.F.iii

    7. G

      describe the implications of negligent or improper maintenance; andb.4.G

      1. i

        describe the implications of negligent or improper maintenanceb.4.G.i

    8. H

      demonstrate the use of precision measuring instruments.b.4.H

      1. i

        demonstrate the use of precision measuring instrumentsb.4.H.i

  • 5

    The student describes the factors that affect the progression of technology and analyzes the potential intended and unintended consequences of technological advances. The student is expected to: b.5

    1. A

      describe how technology has affected individuals, societies, cultures, economies, and environments;b.5.A

      1. i

        describe how technology has affected individualsb.5.A.i

      2. ii

        describe how technology has affected societiesb.5.A.ii

      3. iii

        describe how technology has affected culturesb.5.A.iii

      4. iv

        describe how technology has affected economiesb.5.A.iv

      5. v

        describe how technology has affected environmentsb.5.A.v

    2. B

      describe how the development and use of technology influenced past events; b.5.B

      1. i

        describe how the development of technology influenced past eventsb.5.B.i

      2. ii

        describe how the use of technology influenced past eventsb.5.B.ii

    3. C

      describe how and why technology progresses; andb.5.C

      1. i

        describe how technology progressesb.5.C.i

      2. ii

        describe why technology progressesb.5.C.ii

    4. D

      predict possible changes caused by the advances of technology.b.5.D

      1. i

        predict possible changes caused by the advances of technologyb.5.D.i

  • 6

    The student thinks critically and applies fundamental principles of system modeling and design to multiple design projects. The student is expected to:b.6

    1. A

      identify and describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including the design process and prototype development and initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing a project;b.6.A

      1. i

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including the design processb.6.A.i

      2. ii

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including prototype developmentb.6.A.ii

      3. iii

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including initiating a projectb.6.A.iii

      4. iv

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including planning a projectb.6.A.iv

      5. v

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including executing a projectb.6.A.v

      6. vi

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including monitoring and controlling a project b.6.A.vi

      7. vii

        identify an engineering design process needed for a project, including closing a projectb.6.A.vii

      8. viii

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including the design processb.6.A.viii

      9. ix

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including prototype developmentb.6.A.ix

      10. x

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including initiating a projectb.6.A.x

      11. xi

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including planning a projectb.6.A.xi

      12. xii

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including executing a project b.6.A.xii

      13. xiii

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including monitoring and controlling a projectb.6.A.xiii

      14. xiv

        describe an engineering design process needed for a project, including closing a projectb.6.A.xiv

    2. B

      identify the chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of engineering materials and identify testing methods associated with the materials;b.6.B

      1. i

        identify the chemical properties of engineering materialsb.6.B.i

      2. ii

        identify the mechanical properties of engineering materialsb.6.B.ii

      3. iii

        identify the physical properties of engineering materialsb.6.B.iii

      4. iv

        identify testing methods associated with the [engineering] materialsb.6.B.iv

    3. C

      use problem-solving techniques to develop technological solutions such as product, process, or system;b.6.C

      1. i

        use problem-solving techniques to develop technological solutionsb.6.C.i

    4. D

      use consistent units for all measurements and computations; andb.6.D

      1. i

        use consistent units for all measurementsb.6.D.i

      2. ii

        use consistent units for all computationsb.6.D.ii

    5. E

      assess the risks and benefits of a design solution.b.6.E

      1. i

        assess the risks of a design solutionb.6.E.i

      2. ii

        assess the benefits of a design solutionb.6.E.ii

  • 7

    The student understands the opportunities and careers in fields related to robotics, process control, and automation systems. The student is expected to: b.7

    1. A

      describe applications of robotics, process control, and automation systems;b.7.A

      1. i

        describe applications of roboticsb.7.A.i

      2. ii

        describe applications of process controlb.7.A.ii

      3. iii

        describe applications of automation systemsb.7.A.iii

    2. B

      apply design concepts to problems in robotics, process control, and automation systems;b.7.B

      1. i

        apply design concepts to problems in roboticsb.7.B.i

      2. ii

        apply design concepts to problems in process control b.7.B.ii

      3. iii

        apply design concepts to problems in automation systemsb.7.B.iii

    3. C

      identify fields and career opportunities related to robotics, process control, and automation systems; andb.7.C

      1. i

        identify fields related to roboticsb.7.C.i

      2. ii

        identify fields related to process controlb.7.C.ii

      3. iii

        identify fields related to automation systemsb.7.C.iii

      4. iv

        identify career opportunities related to roboticsb.7.C.iv

      5. v

        identify career opportunities related to process controlb.7.C.v

      6. vi

        identify career opportunities related to automation systemsb.7.C.vi

    4. D

      identify emerging trends in robotics, process control, and automation systems.b.7.D

      1. i

        identify emerging trends in roboticsb.7.D.i

      2. ii

        identify emerging trends in process controlb.7.D.ii

      3. iii

        identify emerging trends in automation systemsb.7.D.iii

  • 8

    The student understands the opportunities and careers in fields related to electrical and mechanical systems. The student is expected to:b.8

    1. A

      describe the applications of electrical and mechanical systems;b.8.A

      1. i

        describe the applications of electrical systemsb.8.A.i

      2. ii

        describe the applications of mechanical systemsb.8.A.ii

    2. B

      describe career opportunities in electrical and mechanical systems;b.8.B

      1. i

        describe career opportunities in electrical systemsb.8.B.i

      2. ii

        describe career opportunities in mechanical systemsb.8.B.ii

    3. C

      identify emerging trends in electrical and mechanical systems; andb.8.C

      1. i

        identify emerging trends in electrical systemsb.8.C.i

      2. ii

        identify emerging trends in mechanical systemsb.8.C.ii

    4. D

      describe and apply basic electronic theory.b.8.D

      1. i

        describe basic electronic theoryb.8.D.i

      2. ii

        apply basic electronic theoryb.8.D.ii

  • 9

    The student collaborates as a team member while completing a comprehensive project. The student is expected to: b.9

    1. A

      apply the design process, including decision matrices, as a team participant;b.9.A

      1. i

        apply the design process, including decision matrices, as a team participantb.9.A.i

    2. B

      perform different roles within the project as a team member;b.9.B

      1. i

        perform different roles within the project as a team memberb.9.B.i

    3. C

      formulate decisions using collaborative strategies such as decision and design matrices and conflict resolution;b.9.C

      1. i

        formulate decisions using collaborative strategiesb.9.C.i

    4. D

      maintain an engineering notebook for the project;b.9.D

      1. i

        maintain an engineering notebook for the projectb.9.D.i

    5. E

      develop and test the model for the project; andb.9.E

      1. i

        develop the model for the projectb.9.E.i

      2. ii

        test the model for the projectb.9.E.ii

    6. F

      demonstrate communication skills by preparing and presenting the project, including building consensus setback resolution and decision matrices.b.9.F

      1. i

        demonstrate communication skills by preparing the project, including building consensus setback resolution matricesb.9.F.i

      2. i

        demonstrate communication skills by preparing the project, including decision matricesb.9.F.ii

      3. iii

        demonstrate communication skills by presenting the project, including building consensus setback resolution matricesb.9.F.iii

      4. iv

        demonstrate communication skills by presenting the project, including decision matricesb.9.F.iv

  • 10

    The student demonstrates a knowledge of drafting by completing a series of drawings that can be published by various media. The student is expected to: b.10

    1. A

      set up, create, and modify drawings;b.10.A

      1. i

        set up drawingsb.10.A.i

      2. i

        create drawingsb.10.A.ii

      3. iii

        modify drawingsb.10.A.iii

    2. B

      store and retrieve geometry;b.10.B

      1. i

        store geometryb.10.B.i

      2. ii

        retrieve geometryb.10.B.ii

    3. C

      demonstrate and use appropriate line types in engineering drawings;b.10.C

      1. i

        demonstrate appropriate line types in engineering drawingsb.10.C.i

      2. ii

        use appropriate line types in engineering drawings b.10.C.ii

    4. D

      draw two-dimensional, single-view objects;b.10.D

      1. i

        draw two-dimensional, single-view objects b.10.D.i

    5. E

      create multi-view working drawings using orthographic projection;b.10.E

      1. i

        create multi-view working drawings using orthographic projectionb.10.E.i

    6. F

      dimension objects using current American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards;b.10.F

      1. i

        dimension objects using current American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standardsb.10.F.i

    7. G

      draw single-line two-dimensional pictorial representations; andb.10.G

      1. i

        draw single-line two-dimensional pictorial representationsb.10.G.i

    8. H

      create working drawings that include section views.b.10.H

      1. i

        create working drawings that include section viewsb.10.H.i

  • 11

    The student creates justifiable solutions to open-ended real-world problems using engineering design practices and processes. The student is expected to: b.11

    1. A

      identify and define an engineering problem; b.11.A

      1. i

        identify an engineering problemb.11.A.i

      2. ii

        define an engineering problemb.11.A.ii

    2. B

      formulate goals, objectives, and requirements to solve an engineering problem;b.11.B

      1. i

        formulate goals to solve an engineering problemb.11.B.i

      2. i

        formulate objectives to solve an engineering problemb.11.B.ii

      3. iii

        formulate requirements to solve an engineering problemb.11.B.iii

    3. C

      determine the design parameters such as materials, personnel, resources, funding, manufacturability, feasibility, and time associated with an engineering problem;b.11.C

      1. i

        determine the design parameters associated with an engineering problemb.11.C.i

    4. D

      establish and evaluate potential constraints, including health, safety, social, environmental, ethical, political, regulatory, and legal, pertaining to a problem;b.11.D

      1. i

        establish constraints, including health, pertaining to [an engineering] problem b.11.D.i

      2. ii

        establish constraints, including safety, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.ii

      3. iii

        establish constraints, including social, pertaining to a problemb.11.D.iii

      4. iv

        establish constraints, including environmental, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.iv

      5. v

        establish constraints, including ethical, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.v

      6. vi

        establish constraints, including political, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.vi

      7. vii

        establish constraints, including regulatory, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.vii

      8. viii

        establish constraints, including legal, pertaining to [an engineering] problem b.11.D.viii

      9. ix

        evaluate constraints, including health, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.ix

      10. x

        evaluate constraints, including safety, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.x

      11. xi

        evaluate constraints, including social, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xi

      12. xii

        evaluate constraints, including environmental, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xii

      13. xiii

        evaluate constraints, including ethical, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xiii

      14. xiv

        evaluate constraints, including political, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xiv

      15. xv

        evaluate constraints, including regulatory, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xv

      16. xvi

        evaluate constraints, including legal, pertaining to [an engineering] problemb.11.D.xvi

    5. E

      identify or create alternative solutions to a problem using a variety of techniques such as brainstorming, reverse engineering, and researching engineered and natural solutions;b.11.E

      1. i

        identify or create alternative solutions to a problem using a variety of techniquesb.11.E.i

    6. F

      test and evaluate proposed solutions using engineering methods such as creating models, prototypes, mock-ups, or simulations or performing critical design review, statistical analysis, or experiments;b.11.F

      1. i

        test proposed solutions using engineering methods b.11.F.i

      2. ii

        evaluate proposed solutions using engineering methods b.11.F.ii

    7. G

      apply structured techniques such as a decision tree, design matrix, or cost-benefit analysis to select and justify a preferred solution to a problem;b.11.G

      1. i

        apply structured techniques to select a preferred solution to a problemb.11.G.i

      2. i

        apply structured techniques to justify a preferred solution to a problemb.11.G.ii

    8. H

      predict performance, failure modes, and reliability of a design solution; andb.11.H

      1. i

        predict performance of a design solutionb.11.H.i

      2. i

        predict failure modes of a design solutionb.11.H.ii

      3. iii

        predict reliability of a design solutionb.11.H.iii

    9. I

      prepare a project report that clearly documents the designs, decisions, and activities during each phase of the engineering design process.b.11.I

      1. i

        prepare a project report that clearly documents the designs during each phase of the engineering design processb.11.I.i

      2. ii

        prepare a project report that clearly documents the decisions during each phase of the engineering design processb.11.I.ii

      3. iii

        prepare a project report that clearly documents the activities during each phase of the engineering design processb.11.I.iii

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9
Where can I read the official document?
Principles of Applied Engineering

Keep exploring

Keep exploring CTE: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics standards

Sibling grade bands, other subjects in this jurisdiction, and the same subject across other states.