Area 1: Emotional Wellbeing and Relationship Development

Responds to and engages with familiar adults1.1

  •  

    Birth-12 months

    1. A

      Develops expectations of consistent, positive interactions through secure relationships with familiar adults1.1.A

    2. B

      Distinguishes between familiar and unfamiliar adults1.1.B

    3. C

      Accepts and initiates contact, comfort and assistance from familiar adults1.1.C

    4. D

      Explores the environment, checking back with familiar adults periodically for security1.1.D

    5. E

      Shows discomfort at separation from familiar adults1.1.E

  •  

    Approximately 12-24 months

    1. F

      Engages and initiates in shared playful experiences with a familiar adult1.1.F

    2. G

      Prefers primary caregiver and may experience intense feelings when separating or reuniting with them1.1.G

    3. H

      Feels comfortable in a variety of places with familiar adults1.1.H

    4. I

      Seeks help from adults in unfamiliar situation1.1.I

  •  

    Approximately 24-36 months

    1. J

      Initiates and responds to social interaction displaying trust by expressing affection toward preferred adults1.1.J

    2. K

      Manages separations from familiar adults with decreasing amounts of stress1.1.K

  •  

    Approximately 3-4 years

    1. L

      Initiates more complex interactions with familiar adults1.1.L

    2. M

      Responds to familiar adult requests and directions with adult assistance or prompting1.1.M

    3. N

      Begins accepting guidance, comfort and directions from familiar adults to a broader range of adults1.1.N

  •  

    Approximately 4-5 years

    1. O

      Engages in extended reciprocal interactions with adults1.1.O

    2. P

      Accepts guidance, comfort and directions from a range of adults in a variety of environments1.1.P

    3. Q

      Responds to adult requests and directions, may need assistance or prompting1.1.Q

Demonstrates a sense of self-awareness1.2

  •  

    Birth-12 months

    1. A

      Develops awareness of self within their environment:1.2.A

      1. a

        Touch stimuli

      2. b

        Reflex response of rooting, startling, stroking and grasping

    2. B

      Expresses reaction through facial expressions, sounds and gestures1.2.B

    3. C

      Moves and makes sounds to get or keep the attention of others1.2.C

    4. D

      Responds to name by familiar adult1.2.D

    5. E

      Shows awareness of their own body as a part of their environment1.2.E

    6. F

      Differentiates between seeing themselves and mimicking others actions1.2.F

    7. G

      Shows awareness of familiar routines through responsive behaviors1.2.G

    8. H

      Imitates actions of others1.2.H

    9. I

      Shows preference for toys and experiences1.2.I

  •  

    Approximately 12-24 months

    1. J

      Understands some features and qualities of self and others1.2.J

    2. K

      Consciously imitates others to engage in playful interactions1.2.K

    3. L

      Begins to portray roles and relationships with a familiar adult1.2.L

    4. M

      Tests limits and boundaries1.2.M

    5. N

      Begins to finish tasks making their own decisions (autonomy)1.2.N

  •  

    Approximately 24-36 months

    1. O

      Responds to name when asked1.2.O

    2. P

      Shows independence from familiar adults1.2.P

    3. Q

      Recognizes own feelings, needs, features, qualities and preferences as different from others1.2.Q

    4. R

      Works to gain positive responses from familiar adults1.2.R

    5. S

      Seeks assistance from familiar adults in new or difficult tasks or situations1.2.S

    6. T

      Imitates another child or adult’s play or behavior1.2.T

    7. U

      Begins to understand things belong to them1.2.U

  •  

    Approximately 3-4 years

    1. V

      Shows growing independence in a range of activities, routines and tasks1.2.V

    2. W

      Begins to understand how others perceive them1.2.W

    3. X

      Begins to seek approval from others1.2.X

    4. Y

      Begins to imitate social behaviors and shared interests1.2.Y

    5. Z

      Expresses positive sense of self in terms of specific abilities1.2.Z

  •  

    Approximately 4-5 years

    1. AA

      Displays independence and confidence in making choices of wants and needs1.2.AA

    2. BB

      Begins to understand how own actions relate to how others perceive them1.2.BB

    3. CC

      Imitates social behaviors and shared interests by participating in cooperative and social play1.2.CC

Demonstrates awareness of their emotions and behaviors and expresses them in developmentally appropriate ways1.3

  •  

    Birth-12 months

    1. A

      Expresses a variety of emotions to seek a response from a familiar adult1.3.A

    2. B

      Uses signals to meet needs:1.3.B

      1. a

        Crying

      2. b

        Body language

      3. c

        Inability to soothe

    3. C

      Calms with soothing from a familiar adult1.3.C

    4. D

      Develops distinct preferences for self-soothing and comforting1.3.D

    5. E

      Participates in routines with familiar adults1.3.E

  •  

    Approximately 12-24 months

    1. F

      Seeks emotional security and support through close proximity to familiar adults1.3.F

    2. G

      Responds to others’ emotions by sharing an emotional reaction1.3.G

    3. H

      Tolerates brief delays in having needs met1.3.H

    4. I

      Initiates steps of social routines with familiar adults1.3.I

  •  

    Approximately 24-36 months

    1. J

      Shows awareness of own emotions through verbal and nonverbal expression1.3.J

    2. K

      Waits briefly to obtain a preferred item1.3.K

    3. L

      Develops an understanding of routines and expectations. May require reminders or assistance from adults1.3.L

    4. M

      Follows simple routines and expectations in a variety of settings1.3.M

    5. N

      Shows an increasing ability to manage actions, emotions and emotional expressions. May need guidance from familiar adults in a safe and consistent environment1.3.N

    6. O

      Shows an increasing range and variety of emotions with the shift between emotions becoming smoother1.3.O

  •  

    Approximately 3-4 years

    1. P

      Begins labeling basic feelings and emotions1.3.P

    2. Q

      Begins to develop patience based on refined ability to take turns1.3.Q

    3. R

      Begins to manage emotions independently. May need adult support to co-regulate big emotions1.3.R

    4. S

      Manages transitions and changes to routines1.3.S

  •  

    Approximately 4-5 years

    1. T

      Expresses a broad range of emotions and begins to notice more complex emotions in self1.3.T

    2. U

      Labels emotions, needs, opinions and desires through preferred communication methods1.3.U

    3. V

      Demonstrates coping and self-regulation skills to manage a variety of emotions with increasing independence1.3.V

    4. W

      Shows an increasing ability to understand and accept the connection between their actions and positive or negative consequences1.3.W

    5. X

      Shows increasing understanding of changing expectations and emotional expression in different settings1.3.X

Forms positive peer relationships1.4

  •  

    Birth-12 months

    1. A

      Notices, imitates and responds to emotions displayed by peers1.4.A

    2. B

      Shows recognition of others through actions1.4.B

    3. C

      Explores, responds and initiates back and forth interactions with peers, supported by familiar adults1.4.C

  •  

    Approximately 12-24 months

    1. D

      Begins to show and notice empathy by responding with concern in interactions with peers1.4.D

    2. E

      Simple turn-taking begins with imitation and shared playful experiences with a familiar adult1.4.E

    3. F

      Interacts and responds to a few children on a regular basis1.4.F

    4. G

      Engages briefly in simple interactions with another child1.4.G

    5. H

      Imitates actions of peers1.4.H

  •  

    Approximately 24-36 months

    1. I

      Begins to label emotions in others1.4.I

    2. J

      Begins to express empathy and concern with words or actions with adult support1.4.J

    3. K

      Plays near or side by side with peers1.4.K

    4. L

      Begins to recognize peers by name1.4.L

    5. M

      Begins to join in play with others including turn-taking, supported by familiar adults1.4.M

  •  

    Approximately 3-4 years

    1. N

      Expresses empathy to peers by showing caring behaviors1.4.N

    2. O

      Begins to show preferences when playing with peers1.4.O

    3. P

      Begins to engage in interactions and play with other peers without adult support1.4.P

    4. Q

      Identifies a few peers by name1.4.Q

    5. R

      Refines ability to take turns1.4.R

    6. S

      Begins to recognize and describe social problems1.4.S

    7. T

      Accepts solutions to conflicts with adult guidance and support1.4.T

  •  

    Approximately 4-5 years

    1. U

      Expresses empathy for others and tries to help with an increased range of more complex actions1.4.U

    2. V

      Sustains positive interactions with one to two preferred peers1.4.V

    3. W

      Negotiates with others to resolve disagreements with or without prompting from adults:1.4.W

      1. a

        Turn taking

      2. b

        Social problems

    4. X

      Engages in sustained periods of cooperative play including strategies to join groups1.4.X

    5. Y

      Identifies friends by names1.4.Y

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
PRE-K
Where can I read the official document?
IOWA EARLY LEARNING STANDARDS 4th Edition June 2026

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