Earth and Space Science: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Earth's Place in the Universe

  • HS-ESS1-1.

    Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun's core to release energy in the form of radiation.HS-ESS1-1

  • HS-ESS1-2.

    Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.HS-ESS1-2

  • HS-ESS1-3.

    Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements.HS-ESS1-3

  • HS-ESS1-4.

    Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system. [HS-ESS1-4

  • HS-ESS1-5.

    Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks.HS-ESS1-5

  • HS-ESS1-6.

    Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth's formation and early history.HS-ESS1-6

Earth's Systems

  • HS-ESS2-1.

    Develop a model to illustrate how Earth's internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and ocean-floor features. [HS-ESS2-1

  • HS-ESS2-2.

    Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth's surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems.HS-ESS2-2

  • HS-ESS2-3.

    Develop a model based on evidence of Earth's interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection.HS-ESS2-3

  • HS-ESS2-4.

    Use a model to describe how variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth's systems result in changes in climate.HS-ESS2-4

  • HS-ESS2-5.

    Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and its effects on Earth materials and surface processes.HS-ESS2-5

  • HS-ESS2-6.

    Develop a quantitative model to describe the cycling of carbon among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.HS-ESS2-6

  • HS-ESS2-7.

    Construct an argument based on evidence about the simultaneous coevolution of Earth's systems and life on Earth.HS-ESS2-7

  • HS-ESS2-8.

    Construct an explanation of how heat (energy) and water (matter) move throughout the oceans causing patterns in weather and climate.HS-ESS2-8

  • HS-ESS2-9.

    Construct an explanation for how energy from the Sun drives atmospheric processes and how atmospheric currents transport matter and transfer energy.HS-ESS2-9

Human Interaction with Earth's Systems

  • HS-ESS3-1.

    Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity.HS-ESS3-1

  • HS-ESS3-2.

    Evaluate competing design solutions for developing, managing, and utilizing energy and mineral resources based on cost-benefit ratios.HS-ESS3-2

  • HS-ESS3-3.

    Create a computational simulation to illustrate the relationships among management of natural resources, the sustainability of human populations, and biodiversity.HS-ESS3-3

  • HS-ESS3-4.

    Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.HS-ESS3-4

  • HS-ESS3-5.

    Analyze geoscience data and the results from global climate models to make an evidence-based forecast of the current rate of global or regional climate change and associated future impacts to Earth systems.HS-ESS3-5

  • HS-ESS3-6.

    Use a computational representation to illustrate the relationships among Earth systems and how those relationships are being modified due to human activity.HS-ESS3-6

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12
When were these standards adopted?
2022
Where can I read the official document?
Indiana Academic Standards Earth and Space Science

Keep exploring

Sibling grade bands, other subjects in this jurisdiction, and the same subject across other states.