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K–12 Standards

Kindergarten

Other Kentucky Reading and Writing sets

Reading Foundational SkillsRF

  •  

    Print Concepts

    1. 1

      Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print to aid in comprehension.RF.K.1

      1. a

        Follow words from left to right, top to bottom and page by page.RF.K.1.a

      2. b

        Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters (graphemes).RF.K.1.b

      3. c

        Recognize that words are separated by spaces in print.RF.K.1.c

      4. d

        Recognize and name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet.RF.K.1.d

  • 1.

    Phonological AwarenessRF.K.1

    1. 2

      Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables and sounds (phonemes).RF.K.2

      1. a

        Recognize and orally produce rhyming words.RF.K.2.a

      2. b

        Count, pronounce, blend and segment syllables in spoken words.RF.K.2.b

      3. c

        Blend and segment onsets and rimes of single-syllable spoken words.RF.K.2.c

      4. d

        Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel and final sounds (phonemes) in three-phoneme words.RF.K.2.d

      5. e

        Add or substitute individual sounds (phonemes) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.RF.K.2.e

  •  

    Phonics and Word Recognition

    1. 3

      Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words.RF.K.3

      1. a

        Demonstrate basic knowledge of one-to-one letter-sound correspondences by producing the primary sound or many of the most frequent sounds (phonemes) for each consonant.RF.K.3.a

      2. b

        Associate the long and short sounds (phonemes) with common spellings (graphemes) for the five major vowels.RF.K.3.b

      3. c

        Distinguish between similarly spelled words by analyzing the phoneme-grapheme correspondence.RF.K.3.c

      4. d

        Decode consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words.RF.K.3.d

      5. e

        Encode consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words.RF.K.3.e

  •  

    Fluency

    1. 4

      Read fluently (accuracy, speed and prosody) on grade-level to support comprehension.RF.K.4

      1. a

        Read decodable text with purpose and understanding.RF.K.4.a

      2. b

        Read irregularly spelled high-frequency words with automaticity and accuracy.RF.K.4.b

      3. c

        Read common high-frequency words with automaticity.RF.K.4.c

Reading Standards for LiteratureRL

  •  

    Key Ideas and Details

    1. 1

      With prompting and support, ask and answer explicit questions about key ideas and details and make logical inferences to construct meaning from the text.RL.K.1

    2. 2

      With prompting and support, orally recognize key details from a literary text to demonstrate understanding of the lesson in the story.RL.K.2

    3. 3

      With prompting and support, identify characters, settings and major events in a story in order to make meaning of the story development.RL.K.3

  •  

    Craft and Structure

    1. 4

      With prompting and support, identify words and phrases in stories or poems that suggest feelings or appeal to the senses.RL.K.4

    2. 5

      With prompting and support, identify structures of common literary text (e.g., stories, poems and dramas).RL.K.5

    3. 6

      With prompting and support, identify the author and illustrator of a story and explain how each tells the story.RL.K.6

  •  

    Integration of Knowledge and Ideas

    1. 7

      With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear.RL.K.7

    2. 8

      Not applicable to literatureRL.K.8

    3. 9

      With prompting and support, compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in stories.RL.K.9

  •  

    Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity

    1. 10

      With prompting and support through listening comprehension, routinely and flexibly develop and apply background knowledge along with a variety of comprehension strategies to understand grade-appropriate, complex literary text.RL.K.10

Reading Standards for Informational TextRI

  •  

    Key Ideas and Details

    1. 1

      With prompting and support, ask and answer explicit questions about key concepts and details, and make logical inferences to construct meaning from the text.RI.K.1

    2. 2

      With prompting and support, orally recognize key details from an informational text to demonstrate understanding of the central idea of a text.RI.K.2

    3. 3

      With prompting and support, identify the individuals, events, ideas or pieces of information presented over the course of a text.RI.K.3

  •  

    Craft and Structure

    1. 4

      With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.RI.K.4

    2. 5

      Identify the front cover, back cover and title page of a book.RI.K.5

    3. 6

      With prompting and support, identify the author and illustrator of a text and define the role of each in presenting the ideas or information in a text.RI.K.6

  •  

    Integration of Knowledge and Ideas

    1. 7

      With prompting and support, describe the relationship between visuals and the text.RI.K.7

    2. 8

      With prompting and support, identify the claim and the reasons an author gives to support claims in a text.RI.K.8

    3. 9

      With prompting and support, identify information from two or more texts on similar themes or topics.RI.K.9

  •  

    Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity

    1. 10

      With prompting and support through listening comprehension, routinely and flexibly develop and apply background knowledge along with a variety of comprehension strategies to understand grade-appropriate, complex informational text.RI.K.10

HandwritingHW

  •  

    Handwriting

    1. 1

      Print all upper- and lowercase letters and numerals.HW.K.1

CompositionC

  •  

    Text Types and Purpose

    1. 1

      Compose opinion pieces, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to state the topic and an opinion.C.K.1

      1. a

        With guidance and support from adults, strengthen writing through peer collaboration and adding details through writing and/or pictures as needed.C.K.1.a

      2. b

        Introduce the topic.C.K.1.b

      3. c

        Provide reasons with details to support the opinion.C.K.1.c

      4. d

        Use grade-appropriate transitions to connect sentences.C.K.1.d

      5. e

        Provide a concluding idea.C.K.1.e

      6. f

        With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising and editing.C.K.1.f

    2. 2

      Compose informative and/or explanatory texts, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to establish a topic and supply information about the topic.C.K.2

      1. a

        With guidance and support from adults, strengthen writing through peer collaboration and adding details through writing and/or pictures as needed.C.K.2.a

      2. b

        Introduce the topic.C.K.2.b

      3. c

        Supply information to develop the topic.C.K.2.c

      4. d

        Use grade-appropriate conjunctions to develop text structure within sentences.C.K.2.d

      5. e

        Use grade-appropriate transitions to combine sentences within a paragraph (or piece).C.K.2.e

      6. f

        Provide a concluding idea.C.K.2.f

      7. g

        With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising and editing.C.K.2.g

    3. 3

      Compose narratives, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to develop real or imagined experiences or multiple events or ideas, using effective technique, descriptive details and clear sequences.C.K.3

      1. a

        With guidance and support from adults, produce writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task and purpose.C.K.3.a

      2. b

        Recount a single event.C.K.3.b

      3. c

        Include details which describe actions, thoughts and/or emotions.C.K.3.c

      4. d

        Create a sense of closure.C.K.3.d

      5. e

        With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising and editing.C.K.3.e

  •  

    Production and Distribution

    1. 4

      With guidance and support from adults, explore a variety of digital resources to create and publish products, including in collaboration with peers.C.K.4

  •  

    Research to Build and Present Knowledge

    1. 5

      With guidance and support, participate in shared research and writing projects.C.K.5

    2. 6

      With guidance and support, collect information from real-world experiences or provided sources to answer or generate questions.C.K.6

  •  

    Range of Writing

    1. 7

      Begins in grade 3C.K.7

LanguageL

  •  

    Conventions of General American English

    1. 1

      When writing or speaking, demonstrate appropriate use of:L.K.1

      1. a

        common nouns and verbs.L.K.1.a

      2. b

        regular plural nouns by orally adding /s/ or /es/.L.K.1.b

      3. c

        interrogative sentences using who, what, where, when, why and how.L.K.1.c

      4. d

        sentences using common prepositions.L.K.1.d

      5. e

        complete sentences.L.K.1.e

    2. 2

      When writing:L.K.2

      1. a

        Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I.L.K.2.a

      2. b

        Recognize and name end punctuation.L.K.2.b

      3. c

        Write a grapheme for most consonant and short-vowel phonemes.L.K.2.c

      4. d

        Spell consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words, and attempt to spell simple words drawing on knowledge of phoneme-grapheme correspondences.L.K.2.d

  •  

    Knowledge of Language

    1. 3

      Begins in grade 2L.K.3

  •  

    Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

    1. 4

      Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on kindergarten reading and content.L.K.4

      1. a

        Identify homophones.L.K.4.a

      2. b

        Identify common affixes and how they change the meaning of a word.L.K.4.b

      3. c

        Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to and responding to texts.L.K.4.c

    2. 5

      With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings.L.K.5

      1. a

        Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) to gain a sense of the concepts the categories represent.L.K.5.a

      2. b

        Demonstrate an understanding of verbs and adjectives and their antonyms.L.K.5.b

      3. c

        Demonstrate an understanding of verbs and adjectives and their synonyms.L.K.5.c

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Kindergarten

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