What grade levels do these standards cover?

Grade 9, Grade 11, Grade 12, and Grade 10

K–12 Standards

2020
Accounting & Related Services (2007)
Advanced Construction Technologies (2007)
Advertising and Public Relations (2009)
Aircraft Mechanics (2012)
Arizona Professional Skills
CAVIT Drone Technology Program
Cosmetology and Related Services 12.0400.00

Apply Problem-solving and Critical Thinking Skills to Network Security1.0

1
Describe methods to determine priorities in establishing and maintaining a computer network1.1
2
Prepare a plan of work and schedule network technology tasks1.2
3
Apply problem-solving processes to network technology tasks (i.e., bottom-up, divide-and-conquer, top-down, etc.)1.3
4
Prepare and present technical information for nontechnical and technical audiences in writing and verbally1.4

Maintain a Safe and Environmentally Conscious Work Environment

1
Identify personal responsibility for developing and maintaining a safe and healthy work environment2.1
2
Use equipment, materials, and tools commonly used in the field of network security correctly and safely2.2
3
Identify ergonomic solutions to prevent injuries common to network security tasks2.3
4
Determine safe working practices to avoid or eliminate electrical hazards and physical injuries2.4
5
Identify techniques used to manage power consumption in the networked environment (i.e., cloud-based, software defined, etc.)2.5
6
Explain environmental considerations when disposing of computer/network components2.6
7
Describe and resolve most common electrostatic discharge (ESD) hazards in a network environment2.7

Specify Network Security Best Practices, Risks, and Threats

1
Perform risk management activities (e.g., define risk, determine risk level, and identify methods to address risk)3.1
2
Define policies to manage system and data availability, confidentiality, and integrity3.2
3
Classify data according to its sensitivity and criticality (i.e., mission critical, protect cafeteria menu vs. personal, financial and health information, trade secrets, etc.)3.3
4
Identify security threats related to computer data, hardware, and software (i.e., denial of service, eavesdropping, intrusion, unauthorized access, unauthorized use, etc.)3.4
5
Explain the importance of physical security of computer and network hardware following best practices (i.e., cameras, locks, USB port blocking, etc.)3.5
6
Describe network threats (i.e., denial of service, email spoofing, hacking/cracking, intrusion, malware, phishing, social engineering, spamming, system vulnerabilities, website defacement, etc.)3.6
7
Describe best practices to protect against network threats (i.e., access control, antivirus software, awareness and training, encryption, firewalls, incident detection systems/tools, intrusion detection prevention, network segmentation, port/service blocking, software updates/patches, etc.)3.7
8
Define best practices to protect data at rest, data in transit, and data during processing3.8
9
Describe password best practices (i.e., age, complexity, history, length, lockout, etc.)3.9
10
Analyze authentication methods used to secure access to the network [i.e., biometrics, key cards, multi-factor authentication (MFA), passwords, single sign-on (SSO), two-factor authentication (2FA), etc.]3.1
11
Identify best practices for access control (i.e., changing default passwords, disabling unused accounts, least privileges, privileged account management, role-based access control, etc.)3.12

Investigate Legal and Ethical Issues Related to Network Security

1
Explore issues regarding intellectual property rights including software licensing and software duplication [i.e., Business Software Alliance, Creative Commons, Digital Right Management (DRM), https://www.ip-watch.org/about/, https://www/eff.org/, etc.]4.1
2
Differentiate among freeware, open source, proprietary, and shareware software relative to legal and ethical issues4.2
3
Identify issues, laws, and trends affecting data and privacy [e.g., Certified Network Professional (CNP), General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS), and Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)]4.3
4
Describe acceptable use of industry-related data, private and public networks, and social networking4.4

Demonstrate Basic Computer Mathematics Required for Network Security

1
Explain the function of base number systems in mathematics as it relates to network technology5.1
2
Perform decimal to binary and binary to decimal conversions5.2
3
Perform decimal to hexadecimal and hexadecimal to decimal conversions5.3
4
Perform hexadecimal to binary and binary to hexadecimal conversions5.4
5
Determine the appropriate method to perform conversions (e.g., paper-pencil and electronic resources)5.5
6
Apply basic Boolean logic for actions such as Google searches and scripting (e.g., “and,” “nor,” “not,” and “or”)5.6

Describe the Development and Evolution of Computers and Network Security

1
Describe a computer and its components and functions6.1
2
Explain the historical evolution of the computer and computer networks6.2
3
Explain how the development of computers has impacted modern life6.3
4
Identify the components and structure of an information system [e.g., applications, media (cables, fiber, and wireless), network devices (router, switches, etc.), operating systems, and servers]6.4
5
Discuss future trends and societal impacts in digital devices and network technology [i.e., Internet of Things (IoT), privacy, etc.]6.5

Demonstrate Network Media and Topologies

1
Specify the characteristics and main features of various networking topologies (e.g., bus, mesh, ring, and star)7.1
2
Compare proper physical network topology7.2
3
Identify appropriate connectors, media types, and uses for various networks7.3
4
Compare physical and virtual networks [i.e., Software-Defined Wide-Area Network (SD-WAN), Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN), etc.]7.4
5
Specify the characteristics of physical network technologies including cable types, length, speed, and topology7.5
6
Specify the characteristics of wireless network technologies including frequency, speed, topology, and transmission (i.e., local area, metropolitan area, wide area networks, etc.)7.6
7
Describe the structure of the internet (network of networks)7.7
8
Identify the features, functions, and purpose of commonly used network components [i.e., routers, modem, switches, bridges, hubs, NIC (network interface card), etc.]7.8

Describe Network Protocols and Standards

1
Describe the parts and use of a Media Access Control (MAC) address8.1
2
Describe the characteristics, name, and use of the seven layers of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model8.2
3
Describe the characteristics, name, and use of the four layers of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model8.3
4
Explain the purpose of dynamic and static routing protocols8.4
5
Explain the concept of ports and identify the three port ranges used in networking services and protocols [i.e., dynamic/private (49152-65535), system (0-1023), user (1024-49151), etc.]8.5
6
Describe standard network ports and protocols [e.g., Domain Name System (DNS), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Point-of-Presence (POP), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), etc.]8.6
7
Describe the applications and characteristics of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)8.7
8
Differentiate IPv4/IPv6 addresses and their corresponding subnet masks [i.e., classful networks, Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR), private vs public IP]8.8
9
Summarize the basic characteristics and protocols of Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN), and Wide Area Network (WAN) technologies [i.e., Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), frame relay, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), etc.]8.9
10
Describe remote access protocols and services8.1
11
Describe the function and purpose of security protocols [i.e., Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), tunneling, Virtual Private Network (VPN), etc.]8.11
12
Explain the importance of proper documentation in accordance with industry standards8.12

Configure a Basic Network

1
Design a network map with virtual and physical segments9.1
2
Construct dynamic and static routes9.2
3
Explain proper labeling in accordance with industry standards (i.e., cable, device, rack, wall plates, etc.)9.3
4
Describe the components needed and purpose to build fault tolerance into a network9.4
5
Describe the purpose of a disaster recovery plan for a network9.5
6
Install and configure a physical and/or virtual networked system (i.e., Linux/UNIX, Windows, etc.)9.6
7
Configure network cards, network settings, and operating system9.7
8
Configure and connect devices to the network (i.e., computers, printers, routers, switches, etc.)9.8
9
Identify the appropriate tools to use for diagnostic tasks or network repair (i.e., execute Traceroute, ipconfig, Ping, etc.)9.9

Harden a Network

1
Identify common network threats (i.e., denial of service, eavesdropping, intrusion, probing, unauthorized access, etc.)10.1
2
Identify physical network threats [i.e., disrupting media (like cutting fiber), environmental/power disruption, unauthorized access to devices, etc.]10.2
3
Describe the benefits and purpose of segmenting networks10.3
4
Describe the benefits of disabling ports and network services10.4
5
Describe the techniques to secure a Wi-Fi network [i.e., Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2), etc.]10.5
6
Compare the various types of firewalls and their uses (i.e., application, packet filtering, stateful, etc.)10.6
7
Describe the benefits, disadvantages, and purpose of using a proxy service10.7
8
Describe the benefits, disadvantages, and purpose of using network intrusion detection/prevention systems [i.e., Intrusion Detection System / Intrusion Prevention System (IDS/IPS), etc.]10.8
9
Modify an existing network diagram with appropriate network hardening devices or systems10.9

Perform Network Maintenance and Resolve Issues

1
Identify maintenance tasks and create a schedule11.1
2
Describe the purpose and benefits of network utilities [i.e., Network Statistics (Netstat), Name Server Lookup (NsLookup), Ping, Traceroute, etc.]11.2
3
Demonstrate the use of visual indicators (i.e., indicator lights on devices, etc.) and diagnostic utilities (i.e., Wireshark, etc.) to interpret problems11.3
4
Identify connectivity issues in various node environments (i.e., smart phones, switches, tablets, Linux/UNIX, Windows, etc.)11.4
5
Identify and resolve network issues (i.e., cable failure, connection failure, environmental, misconfigurations, power, user error, etc.)11.5
6
Identify common tools and methods of monitoring a network11.6

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?: Grade 9, Grade 11, Grade 12, and Grade 10
Where can I read the official document?: Network Security - 11.1999.00

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